Plant Biotechnology

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                                   Plant Biotechnology


1. GBPR 212 - Principles of Plant Biotechnology (2+1)
2. BIOTECHNOLOGY


Introduction - Plant Biotechnology

The term Biotec hnology was coined by karl Ereky a Hungarian engineer in 1919. This 
term is derived from a fusion of Biology and Technology 
Biotechnology is not a pure science but an integrated affect of these two areas, the root 
of which lies in biological sciences. It is truly multidisciplinary in nature and it encompasses several disciplines of basic sciences and engineering. The science disciplines from which biotechnology draws heavily are Microbiology, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Genetics, Molecular biology, Immunology and Physiology On engineering side it leans heavily on processes chemical and biochemical
engineering since large multiplication of microorganisms and cells their down stream
processing etc. are based on them.It is a fast growing science and it has been defined in different ways by different group of workers.

Definition 

Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the
processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services. This was given by 
OECD – the organization for economic cooperation and development in 1981.
Although the term was recent origin the discipline itself is very old. Man began
employing microorganisms as early as in 5000 B.C for making wine vinegar curd etc.
All these processes which are based on the natural capabilities of microorganisms are 
commonly considered as old biotechnology. The development of recombinant technology
allowed to modify microorganisms and other organisms to create in them highly valuable, 
novel and naturally non-existing capabilities. Eg:- The human gene producing Insulin has 
been transferred and expressed in bacterium like E.coli and it is being used in management of 
Diabetes. Crop varieties and animal breeds with entirely new and highly useful traits are being 
created with the help of recombinant DNA technology 
These and many other similar examples constitutes modern the new Biotechnology in 
India

Reference            


TNAU - Tamilnadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore Materials And TNAU - Affiliated Private College Materials, TNAU Government College Materials, ICAR - Indian Council Of Agriculture Research, New Delhi Materials to Collected.

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